physics in climbing

Climbing physics involves understanding forces, friction, and leverage to move and hold your body. Gravity pulls you downward, so you rely on friction between your hands, feet, and the wall to grip and push. Muscles generate force to overcome gravity and stability is maintained through balance and center of mass. Techniques like pulling, pushing, and using leverage optimize your strength and minimize energy. Climbing also involves Newton’s laws—your movement results from applying forces, and momentum helps you transition between holds. Overall, understanding these principles helps climbers conserve energy, increase safety, and improve technique.