Physical Layer (PHY)

The Physical Layer (PHY) is the part of a communication system responsible for transmitting raw data over physical connections like cables or wireless signals. It handles converting your digital information into signals that can travel through physical mediums—such as electrical pulses in wires or radio waves in Wi-Fi. Essentially, PHY manages how data is physically sent and received, including signal strength, timing, and encoding, ensuring that devices can communicate effectively over different types of physical pathways.