Physical Design

Physical design is the process of translating a database's logical structure into the actual physical layout on storage media. It involves deciding how data will be stored, organized, and indexed to optimize performance, storage efficiency, and data retrieval speed. Think of it as designing the blueprint for how data is physically arranged on a hard drive or server, ensuring that the system can efficiently handle queries and updates while making effective use of hardware resources. This step is crucial for creating a fast, reliable, and scalable database system.