Photosensitizers

Photosensitizers are special molecules that become active when exposed to light, especially in the presence of oxygen. They absorb light energy and transfer it to nearby oxygen molecules, creating reactive species that can damage or destroy targeted cells or pathogens. In medicine, they are used in photodynamic therapy to treat certain cancers and infections by selectively attacking abnormal cells while sparing healthy tissue. Their effectiveness depends on their ability to absorb light, reach the target area, and produce reactive oxygen species upon illumination.