phenotyping

Phenotyping is the process of studying observable traits or characteristics of an organism, such as physical appearance, behavior, or biochemical properties. These traits result from the interaction of its genes with the environment. For example, eye color, height, or blood pressure are phenotypes. Researchers use phenotyping to understand how genetic differences influence traits and to identify patterns or associations related to health, disease, or performance. It is a key step in linking genetic information to real-world characteristics, helping advance fields like medicine, agriculture, and biology.