phenotypic variation

Phenotypic variation refers to the differences in physical traits or characteristics among individuals within a species, such as height, eye color, or leaf shape. These differences result from a combination of genetic factors (the genes inherited from parents) and environmental influences (like diet or climate). For example, two trees of the same species might have different leaf sizes because of genetics, soil conditions, or weather. Phenotypic variation is essential for populations to adapt and evolve, as it provides a range of traits that natural selection can act upon.