Phase-locked loops (PLL)

A phase-locked loop (PLL) is an electronic system that synchronizes its output signal’s frequency and phase with a reference signal. It constantly compares the incoming signal to its own generated signal, adjusting to keep them aligned. Think of it like a dancer matching moves perfectly with a partner. PLLs are widely used in communication systems, radios, and computers to stabilize frequencies, recover signals from noisy environments, and generate precise clock signals. They enable devices to stay in sync, ensuring reliable data transmission and processing.