Phaeophyta (Brown algae)

Phaeophyta, commonly known as brown algae, are a group of large, multicellular seaweeds found mainly in colder, coastal waters. They have a brownish color due to pigments like fucoxanthin, which help them capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Brown algae play a vital role in marine ecosystems by providing habitat and food for various marine creatures. They include species like kelp, which can form dense underwater forests. These algae are important economically, used in products like thickening agents (e.g., alginates) in food and industry. Overall, brown algae are essential components of ocean life, contributing to biodiversity and ecological balance.