pericardial effusion

Pericardial effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pericardium, the thin sac surrounding the heart. This fluid buildup can occur due to various reasons, such as infections, inflammation, or injury. While a small amount of fluid is normal, excessive fluid can put pressure on the heart, affecting its ability to pump blood effectively. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, or swelling. Diagnosis typically involves imaging tests like an ultrasound, and treatment may range from monitoring the situation to draining the fluid if it causes significant problems.