Percolation threshold

The percolation threshold is the point at which a network or material becomes connected enough for something—like liquids, electricity, or signals—to flow through it efficiently. Imagine a sponge with many tiny pores: as you add more water, there's a specific level where the water starts moving freely throughout the sponge. Similarly, in materials or systems, once enough connections form, a path for flow or transfer suddenly appears, enabling movement across the entire structure. This threshold depends on the structure's properties, marking the transition from isolated clusters to a continuous pathway.