PEP carboxylase

PEP carboxylase is an enzyme found in certain plants that helps convert carbon dioxide into organic molecules during photosynthesis, especially in dry or hot environments. It works by attaching CO₂ to a molecule called phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), forming oxaloacetate. This process allows plants to efficiently fix CO₂ even when their stomata (tiny openings) are partially closed to reduce water loss. PEP carboxylase is highly selective for CO₂ and doesn’t react with oxygen, making it more efficient under tough conditions. This enzyme plays a vital role in how some plants adapt to thrive in challenging environments.