Pennsylvanian epoch

The Pennsylvanian epoch, lasting from about 323 to 298 million years ago, was a period characterized by extensive forests of seed ferns, club mosses, and early tree-sized plants, which contributed large amounts of plant material that eventually formed coal deposits. It was part of the Carboniferous Period, marked by high oxygen levels and diverse marine and terrestrial ecosystems. During this time, significant evolutionary developments occurred in insects and amphibians, laying foundations for later terrestrial life. The Pennsylvanian epoch played a crucial role in shaping Earth's carbon cycle and geological landscape, leaving a rich fossil record that informs our understanding of ancient ecosystems.