Pearl's Causal Graphs

Pearl's Causal Graphs are visual tools that represent how different factors influence each other through directed arrows, illustrating cause-and-effect relationships. Each node stands for a variable, and arrows show which variables directly affect others. These graphs help us understand, predict, and answer "what-if" questions by clarifying pathways of influence and identifying which variables need to be controlled or adjusted. They make complex causal connections clearer, enabling more informed decisions and interventions in fields like medicine, economics, and social sciences.