Pearl oyster (Pinctada margaritifera)

The pearl oyster, scientifically known as Pinctada margaritifera, is a marine mollusk that produces pearls within its shell. Native to coral reefs and lagoons in the Indo-Pacific region, it filters seawater for food and nutrients. When irritating substances like a grain of sand enter its shell, the oyster coats the irritant with layers of nacre—specifically aragonite and conchiolin—which forms a pearl. These oysters are prized for creating Tahitian pearls, known for their dark, iridescent colors. They play essential roles in their ecosystems and are cultivated commercially for pearl production.