PCA Biplot

A PCA biplot is a visual tool that helps interpret complex data by reducing many variables into a few key patterns. It displays data points (observations) and variable directions simultaneously on a graph, making it easier to see relationships and groupings. The points show similarities or differences between data items, while the arrows or vectors indicate how each original variable influences those groupings. Essentially, a PCA biplot simplifies high-dimensional data into two or three dimensions, allowing for easier analysis of patterns, clusters, and relationships.