Pavlov (I.P. Pavlov)

Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist best known for his work on classical conditioning. He discovered that animals could learn to associate a neutral stimulus, like a bell, with a natural response, such as salivation from seeing food. After repeatedly pairing the bell with food, the animals began salivating just at the sound of the bell, even without food present. This showed how behaviors can be learned through associations. Pavlov's research laid the foundation for understanding conditioned responses in psychology and behavior formation.