pathogenic mechanisms

Pathogenic mechanisms describe how microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi cause disease. They do this by invading the body, multiplying, and damaging tissues directly or producing toxins that interfere with normal functions. Some pathogens evade the immune system, making infections worse. Others disrupt normal cell processes or trigger excessive immune responses, leading to inflammation or tissue destruction. Understanding these mechanisms helps us develop treatments and prevention strategies to stop or reduce their harmful effects.