passive microwave remote sensing

Passive microwave remote sensing involves using sensors on satellites or aircraft to detect naturally emitted microwave radiation from Earth’s surface and atmosphere. This emitted radiation varies based on material type, temperature, and moisture content. Since microwaves can penetrate clouds and are unaffected by visible light conditions, this method allows continuous observation of weather patterns, sea ice, soil moisture, and vegetation health, regardless of day or night. Essentially, passive microwave sensors listen to the Earth's natural microwave signals to gather valuable data for weather forecasting, climate monitoring, and environmental studies.