passive cooling techniques

Passive cooling techniques involve designing buildings and using natural processes to reduce indoor temperatures without active systems like air conditioning. Methods include placing windows, vents, or openings to promote airflow, shading windows with overhangs or trees to block direct sunlight, and using materials like thick walls or reflective surfaces that absorb and release heat slowly. These strategies helped maintain comfortable indoor conditions by harnessing natural airflow, shading, and thermal mass, lowering energy use and costs while minimizing environmental impact.