Pape Grégoire VII

Pope Gregory VII (also known as Pape Grégoire VII) was a 11th-century pope who played a crucial role in church reform and asserting papal authority. He enforced the Gregorian Reforms, which aimed to reduce secular influence on the church and combat corruption, such as simony (buying church positions). He is perhaps best known for the Investiture Controversy, a conflict with monarchs like Emperor Henry IV over who had the authority to appoint church officials. Gregory's efforts strengthened the pope's power and established principles that shaped the medieval church's independence from secular rulers.