Pakistan-India Water Disputes

The Pakistan-India water disputes center on the shared rivers, primarily the Indus River system, which are vital for agriculture, drinking water, and industry in both countries. India controls the upper reaches and has built dams and barrages, affecting water flow into Pakistan, which relies heavily on these waters. Since both nations depend on the river system, disagreements arise over water distribution, usage, and management. The Indus Waters Treaty (1960) was signed to peacefully allocate water, but tensions persist over implementation and construction activities, making water sharing a key point of bilateral negotiation and dispute.