Pagans and Christians in the Mediterranean World

In the ancient Mediterranean, Pagans practiced diverse polytheistic religions, worshiping multiple gods and goddesses, often tied to nature and local traditions. Christianity emerged as a monotheistic faith centered on Jesus Christ, emphasizing spiritual salvation and moral teachings. Initially persecuted, Christians gradually gained followers and influence, especially after the Roman Empire adopted Christianity as its official religion in the 4th century. This shift led to cultural, religious, and political changes, affecting societal norms and religious practices across the region, marking a significant transition from a landscape of varied pagan traditions to unified Christian dominance.