P5+1 (China, France, Germany, Russia, United Kingdom, United States)

The P5+1 refers to six world powers—China, France, Germany, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—that jointly negotiate with Iran to limit its nuclear program. Their goal is to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons while allowing peaceful nuclear activities. In 2015, they reached the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which set restrictions on Iran’s nuclear activities in exchange for relief from economic sanctions. The agreement aims to ensure regional security and prevent nuclear proliferation through diplomatic engagement and verification measures.