P-wave (Primary wave)

A P-wave, or Primary wave, is a type of seismic wave produced during an earthquake. It travels through the Earth’s interior, moving by compressing and expanding the material—similar to how sound waves move through air. P-waves are the fastest seismic waves, so they are the first to reach a location during an earthquake. They can pass through solids, liquids, and gases, making them crucial for understanding the Earth's internal structure. Their movement is longitudinal, pushing particles in the direction of travel, which helps scientists study Earth's layers and locate earthquakes.