P-valor

A p-value is a statistical measure that helps determine how likely it is to observe the data you collected, or something more extreme, if there is actually no real effect or difference (null hypothesis). A small p-value suggests that such data would be unlikely if the null hypothesis were true, providing evidence against it. Conversely, a large p-value indicates the data is consistent with no real effect. In essence, the p-value helps assess whether observed results are likely due to chance or if they might indicate a genuine effect.