Oxidation-Reduction Reaction

An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction involves the transfer of electrons between substances. Oxidation is when a substance loses electrons, often resulting in a higher oxidation state, while reduction is when a substance gains electrons, lowering its oxidation state. These reactions always occur together; as one substance is oxidized, another is reduced. Redox reactions are fundamental in processes like energy production in batteries, metabolism in our bodies, and rusting of metals. The key idea is the transfer of electrons, which drives chemical change and energy flow in various natural and industrial processes.