Oxford Research Excellence Framework (REF)

The Research Excellence Framework (REF) is a system used in the UK to assess the quality of research conducted by universities. It evaluates research quality, impact (how research benefits society), and the research environment (how well institutions support research). The results influence government funding and reputation, encouraging high standards and innovation. Universities submit evidence of their research achievements, which are then reviewed by experts to ensure fairness and rigor. Overall, REF helps ensure that funding aligns with research excellence and societal value.