Ottoman Empire's decline

The Ottoman Empire's decline, from the late 1600s to early 1900s, was fueled by internal problems like corruption, military setbacks, and economic challenges. External pressures included European rivals expanding their influence and territory. The empire struggled to modernize its institutions and technology, falling behind Western powers. Nationalist movements within its diverse population led to unrest and fragmentation. World War I further weakened it, culminating in its collapse in 1922 and the emergence of the modern Republic of Turkey. Overall, a combination of internal weaknesses and external pressures gradually eroded Ottoman power over centuries.