Origins of magnetotaxis

Magnetotaxis is the ability of certain microorganisms to sense Earth's magnetic field and navigate accordingly. This trait likely evolved because it helps these organisms find optimal environments, such as oxygen-rich zones, by offering a directional sense similar to a built-in compass. These microbes contain chain-like structures called magnetosomes—tiny magnetic particles—that align with Earth's magnetic field. This alignment guides them through water or sediments toward favorable conditions. The evolution of magnetotaxis provides a biological advantage by enhancing their ability to locate nutrients and suitable habitats efficiently, benefiting their survival in diverse and often challenging environments.