Optical Theory

Optical theory explains how light behaves, travels, and interacts with materials. It covers phenomena like reflection (bouncing off surfaces), refraction (bending when passing through different media), absorption (light energy taken in by materials), and diffraction (light spreading when it encounters obstacles). These principles help us understand and design everything from lenses and cameras to fiber optics and lasers. Essentially, optical theory provides the scientific foundation for controlling and manipulating light to achieve desired effects in technology and everyday life.