operationalization

Operationalization is the process of defining how abstract concepts are measured in practical, specific terms. For example, if you're studying "happiness," operationalization involves identifying observable indicators like survey responses or behaviors that can reliably represent happiness levels. This allows researchers to convert ideas into measurable variables, making it possible to collect data and analyze relationships. Essentially, it bridges the gap between broad ideas and concrete data, ensuring that complex concepts are consistently and accurately assessed in research.