"On the Origin of Species" (by Charles Darwin)

"On the Origin of Species" by Charles Darwin, published in 1859, explains how living organisms change over time through a process called natural selection. This process occurs because individuals within a species vary in traits, and those with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Over many generations, these beneficial traits become more common, leading to the development of new species. Darwin’s work provided a scientific explanation for the diversity of life on Earth, highlighting evolution as a gradual, natural process driven by environmental pressures and genetic variation.