oil geology

Oil geology is the study of where and how oil forms, accumulates, and can be extracted. Oil originates from the remains of ancient plants and animals that settle in sediment layers under the ocean or on land. Over millions of years, heat and pressure transform these organic materials into hydrocarbons—oil and natural gas—trapped in porous rock formations. Geologists analyze underground structures, rock types, and sediment layers using seismic imaging and drilling data to locate potential oil reservoirs. Understanding these processes helps identify the most promising sites for oil extraction while minimizing environmental impact.