Octopamine

Octopamine is a chemical messenger in the nervous systems of invertebrates, similar to norepinephrine in mammals. It plays a role in regulating various physiological processes such as movement, alertness, and response to stress. In insects, octopamine influences behaviors like aggression, energy use, and learning. It also affects muscle activity and metabolism, preparing the organism for action. Though less common in humans, octopamine is sometimes found in dietary supplements and is studied for its potential effects on mood, alertness, and physical performance. Overall, it acts as a key signaling molecule that helps in adapting to environmental challenges.