O-GlcNAcylation

O-GlcNAcylation is a cellular process where a sugar molecule called N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) is added to specific proteins inside cells. This modification occurs mainly in the nucleus and cytoplasm and helps regulate protein function, stability, and interactions. It acts like a molecular switch, influencing processes such as gene expression, signaling pathways, and stress responses. O-GlcNAcylation is dynamic and reversible, allowing cells to adapt quickly to changing conditions. Overall, it plays a crucial role in maintaining normal cellular activity and has been linked to diseases like diabetes, neurodegeneration, and cancer.