Nuclear Pore Complex

The Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) is a large, gate-like structure embedded in the nuclear envelope, which surrounds the nucleus of a cell. It functions as a selective gateway that controls the movement of molecules—such as proteins, RNA, and ions—between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The NPC allows essential molecules to enter or exit while blocking others, maintaining the cell's internal environment. Composed of multiple proteins called nucleoporins, it ensures efficient and regulated transport, crucial for processes like gene expression, DNA replication, and cell signaling.