NRW (Non-Revenue Water)

Non-Revenue Water (NRW) refers to the volume of water that is produced and enters the water distribution system but is not billed to customers. This includes water lost through leaks, bursts, or illegal connections, as well as water unaccounted for due to metering inaccuracies or unauthorized usage. High NRW levels indicate inefficiencies in water infrastructure and management, leading to financial losses for water utilities and potential shortages. Reducing NRW involves detecting and fixing leaks, improving metering, and controlling unauthorized use, ultimately ensuring more water reaches legitimate customers and the system operates sustainably.