NPM (New Public Management)

New Public Management (NPM) is a management philosophy adopted by many governments in the late 20th century. It emphasizes efficiency, effectiveness, and service quality in public services by applying private sector practices. NPM promotes competition, decentralization, and performance measurement, encouraging public institutions to operate more like businesses. Goals include improving accountability, responsiveness, and innovation in delivering services to citizens. Critics argue that this approach may undermine public values and lead to a focus on short-term results over long-term societal needs. Overall, NPM seeks to enhance public sector performance and better meet the needs of the community.