Nontariff Barriers (NTBs)

Nontariff Barriers (NTBs) are any restrictions or regulations, other than tariffs (taxes), that countries use to limit or control imports and exports. They include measures like quotas, licensing requirements, standards, or customs procedures that can make it harder or more expensive for foreign goods to enter a market. NTBs aim to protect domestic industries from foreign competition but can also act as trade barriers, affecting international trade flow and prices. They are often employed for economic, political, or safety reasons, but can sometimes create barriers that hinder free trade.