None (research methodology)

In research methodology, "None" typically indicates that a particular variable, treatment, or condition was not applied or designated in a study. It can also imply the absence of a specific factor being studied or the lack of a certain intervention. Understanding "None" helps clarify what aspects were not involved, ensuring accurate interpretation of the study's design and findings. Essentially, it signals the omission or non-existence of a particular element within the research context.