non-equilibrium dynamics

Non-equilibrium dynamics refer to how systems change and evolve over time when they are not in a stable or balanced state. Unlike equilibrium, where conditions remain steady, non-equilibrium systems are constantly adapting, often driven by external forces or internal variations. Examples include weather patterns, the spread of a wildfire, or the flow of traffic. These processes involve energy transfer and ongoing transformations, making their behavior more complex and less predictable than system in equilibrium. Studying non-equilibrium dynamics helps us understand many natural and engineered phenomena that are dynamic and constantly changing.