Nomenclature for Cytogenetic Abnormalities

Nomenclature for cytogenetic abnormalities is a standardized system for describing changes in chromosomes, which carry genetic information. It uses specific codes to indicate the chromosome involved, the type of abnormality (such as extra material, deletions, or rearrangements), and their location. For example, "47,XX,+21" means a female with an extra chromosome 21, associated with Down syndrome. This system ensures clear, precise communication among scientists and doctors, helping to diagnose genetic conditions, monitor diseases like cancer, and guide treatment strategies.