NKS (A New Kind of Science)

*NKS* (A New Kind of Science), by Stephen Wolfram, explores how simple computational rules can produce complex, unpredictable behaviors. It argues that many systems in nature—from weather to biology—can be understood through cellular automata and similar models, highlighting the power of basic algorithms. Instead of focusing solely on traditional math or physics, NKS encourages studying these simple programs to gain insights into complexity, emergence, and pattern formation. Ultimately, it proposes that the universe itself may operate like a vast, computational process, opening new ways to understand the underlying rules of nature.