nitration

Nitration is a chemical process where a nitrogen-based group (called a nitro group) is added to an organic molecule, often using a mixture of nitric acid and sulfuric acid. This process introduces the nitro group into compounds like aromatic rings, changing their properties—such as making them more reactive or more explosive. Nitration is widely used in manufacturing explosives, pharmaceuticals, and dyes. It involves careful control of temperature and conditions to ensure the correct amount of nitration occurs without damaging the material or creatingunsafe byproducts.