Nitrate pollution

Nitrate pollution occurs when excess nitrates—a type of nitrogen compound used in fertilizers—enter water sources like rivers, lakes, and groundwater. This often happens from agricultural runoff, wastewater, or septic systems. Elevated nitrate levels can harm aquatic ecosystems, cause algal blooms, and pose health risks such as illness, especially for infants. Nitrates also reduce oxygen in water, making it difficult for fish and other aquatic life to survive. Managing nitrate pollution involves controlling fertilizer use, improving waste treatment, and protecting natural filters like wetlands to keep water safe and healthy.