Newton's Notation

Newton’s notation is a way to represent derivatives in calculus, useful for describing how quantities change over time. In this notation, if a variable \(x\) depends on time \(t\), the derivative of \(x\) with respect to \(t\) is written as \(\dot{x}\). It’s a shorthand that emphasizes the rate of change, especially in physics and engineering, making it easier to track how variables like velocity and acceleration relate to each other over time. For example, if \(x(t)\) is position, then \(\dot{x}\) is velocity, and \(\ddot{x}\) (double dot) is acceleration.