Neutron activation

Neutron activation is a process where stable atoms absorb free neutrons, causing their nuclei to become unstable and form new, radioactive isotopes. This occurs typically in nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. The newly formed radioactive atoms can emit radiation as they decay back to stable forms. This principle is used in various fields, such as detecting elements in materials, manufacturing medical isotopes, or studying environmental samples. Essentially, neutron activation temporarily changes atoms into radioactive versions, allowing scientists to analyze the sample’s composition or produce useful radioactive materials.