neutrino masses

Neutrino masses are tiny values that give neutrinos a small amount of matter, allowing them to have different types and to change from one type to another as they travel. For a long time, neutrinos were thought to be massless, but experiments have shown they do have mass, though extremely small—millions of times lighter than electrons. This finding helps physicists better understand the universe's fundamental particles and forces. The exact mechanism that gives neutrinos their mass is still under investigation, and discovering it could reveal new physics beyond current theories.