neurotransmitter transporters

Neurotransmitter transporters are specialized proteins located on nerve cell membranes that regulate communication between neurons. They function by removing excess neurotransmitters—chemical messengers like serotonin, dopamine, or norepinephrine—from the synaptic cleft (the space between neurons) after signal transmission. This reuptake process helps terminate the signal and maintains proper chemical balance in the brain. By controlling neurotransmitter levels, these transporters influence mood, attention, and alertness, and are targeted by various medications for mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. Overall, they ensure efficient, balanced neural signaling essential for brain function.