Neuroscience of Addiction

The neuroscience of addiction involves how drugs or behaviors can hijack the brain's reward system, primarily by releasing a neurotransmitter called dopamine. This creates pleasurable feelings that motivate repeated use. Over time, the brain adapts, reducing sensitivity to dopamine and increasing cravings, which makes quitting difficult. Addiction also affects areas involved in decision-making and self-control, leading to compulsive behaviors despite negative consequences. Essentially, addiction alters brain function and chemistry, reinforcing a cycle of dependence that requires understanding, treatment, and support to overcome.